Claiming children with the dependency exemption can be tricky. Dependent care credits if you are not the custodial parent. Claiming your children as a dependent if they live with an ex-spouse. Some of the deductions can be shared depending on the situation. If you are familiar with any of the deductions or credits than you can understand how confusing the situations can be for claiming any one of the many credits available when you are separated or divorced and still have minor children.